Regional tensions between Pakistan and Afghanistan have sharply escalated following reports of alleged Pakistani airstrikes targeting locations inside Afghanistan, including the capital, Kabul, on the night of October 9, 2025, and areas in the eastern province of Paktika on October 10, 2025. These alleged strikes represent a significant increase in the use of force between the two nations, which have been in a protracted dispute over cross-border militancy. According to media reports, the primary target in Kabul’s Macroyan district was believed to be the vehicle of Noor Wali Mehsud, the leader of the Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP), a militant group that has been linked to numerous attacks against Pakistan. The operations reportedly followed a deadly TTP attack on a Pakistani military convoy in the Mach-Kachhi district of Balochistan on October 7, which resulted in the deaths of at least nine soldiers. A Pakistani military statement, excerpted by Reuters, claimed that 30 militants involved in the October 7 incident had been killed during an "intelligence-based operation."
The Pakistani military spokesperson, General Ahmed Sharif Chaudhry, did not directly confirm responsibility for the strikes but indicated that measures necessary "to protect the lives and property of the people of Pakistan will be taken and will continue to be taken". The Afghan administration’s response was one of strong condemnation. While the chief spokesman, Zabihullah Mujahid, initially acknowledged explosions in Kabul, saying an investigation was underway and that no damage had been reported, the Afghan Ministry of Defence later issued a statement blaming Pakistan for the Kabul and Paktika blasts. The Ministry accused Pakistan of violating Afghan airspace and sovereignty, specifically mentioning the bombing of a civilian market in the Marghi area of Paktika, and warned that the Pakistani army would face "consequences" if the situation deteriorated.
The TTP has been consistently accused by Islamabad of utilizing Afghan soil for sanctuary to plan and execute attacks, a charge the Afghan administration has consistently denied. These actions follow earlier instances of reported cross-border strikes, including operations in April 2022 and March 2024 in the provinces of Khost and Kunar, which Afghan officials claimed resulted in civilian casualties. The latest actions have drawn international concern, with former U.S. envoy to Afghanistan and Iraq, Zalmay Khalilzad, stating on social media that the strikes were a "huge escalation" that poses "dangerous risks" and urging both sides toward dialogue. The strikes also took place while the Afghan Foreign Minister, Amir Khan Muttaqi, was conducting a high-level diplomatic visit to India.
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